Erythema multiforme - Eritema Multiforme
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Erythema multiforme minor – elinga yen pusat lesi bisa pucet.
Urtikaria uga bisa dianggep minangka diagnosis diferensial.
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesErythema multiforme (EM) minangka kondisi ing ngendi bintik‑bintik kaya target katon ing kulit lan membran mukosa amarga reaksi kekebalan. Sanajan asring dipicu dening infeksi virus, utamane virus herpes simplex (HSV), utawa obat‑obatan tartamtu, panyebabé tetep ora dingerteni ing pirang‑pirang kasus. Nambani EM akut fokus kanggo nyuda gejala kanthi nggunakake krim sing ngandhut steroid utawa antihistamin. Pengobatan EM paling efektif nalika disesuaikan karo saben pasien. Pendekatan awal kalebu perawatan lisan lan topikal, kayata kortikosteroid lan obat antivirus. Pengobatan topikal kalebu krim steroid sing kuat lan solusi kanggo membran mukosa sing kena pengaruh. Kanggo pasien sing ora nanggapi antivirus, pilihan kapindho kalebu obat sing nyuda kekebalan, antibiotik, anthelmintik, lan antimalaria.
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials
Ing sawetara kasus, erythema multiforme ringan ilang kanthi dhewe sajrone 2 nganti 4 minggu. Sindrom Stevens‑Johnson, kondisi abot sing mengaruhi membran mukosa, bisa tahan nganti 6 minggu. Steroid biasane ora dianjurake kanggo kasus sing ringan. Panggunaan steroid kanggo erythema multiforme sing abot ora mesthi, amarga ora ana bukti sing jelas saka studi acak sing nuduhake pasien bakal entuk manfaat saka perawatan iki.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.
Kita nampilake kasus erythema multiforme (EM) ing mulut sing disebabake dening TMP/SMX, kanthi ulkus mulut lan bibir sing khas tanpa lesi kulit. Iki negesake pentingé mbedakake saka kelainan ulcerative lisan liyane. Pasien nampa perawatan simptomatik lan tablet prednisolone, sing ngetokake perbaikan sawise mandhegake terapi TMP/SMX.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.
Erythema multiforme minangka reaksi sing nglibatake kulit lan kadhangkala mukosa, sing dipicu dening sistem kekebalan. Biasane, katon minangka lesi kaya target, sing bisa uga terisolasi, kambuh, utawa tetep. Lesi iki biasane simetris lan mengaruhi ekstremitas, utamane permukaan njaba. Penyebab utama kalebu infeksi kaya virus herpes simplex lan Mycoplasma pneumoniae, uga obat-obatan tartamtu, imunisasi, lan penyakit otoimun. Mbedakake erythema multiforme saka urtikaria gumantung ing durasi lesi; lesi erythema multiforme tetep paling sethithik pitung dina, dene lesi urtikaria asring ilang sajrone sedina. Sanajan padha, penting kanggo mbedakake erythema multiforme saka sindrom Stevens‑Johnson sing luwih abot, sing biasane nyebabake makula erythematous utawa purpuric sing nyebar kanthi lepuh. Ngatur erythema multiforme kalebu ngurangi gejala nganggo steroid topikal utawa antihistamin lan ngatasi sabab sing ndasari. Kanggo kasus berulang sing ana gandhengane karo virus herpes simplex, terapi antiviral profilaksis dianjurake. Keterlibatan mukosa sing abot bisa uga mbutuhake rawat inap kanggo cairan intravena lan penggantian elektrolit.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.
Kahanan iki béda karo ruam sing entheng lan bisa berkembang dadi bentuk sing abot, sing ngancam nyawa lan dikenal minangka erythema multiforme major, sing uga nglibatake membran mukus. Invasi membran mukus utawa anané blister minangka tandha keparahan sing penting.
- Erythema multiforme minor: lesi target khas utawa munggah, papula edematous disebarake sacara akral. Bentuk sing entheng biasane muncul karo gatel entheng (nanging gatel bisa banget abot), bintik-bintik jambon‑abang, simetris lan diwiwiti saka ekstremitas. Resolusi ruam ing 7‑10 dina minangka pola umum kanggo bentuk penyakit iki.
- Erythema multiforme major: lesi target khas utawa munggah, papula edematous disebarake sacara akral karo keterlibatan siji utawa luwih membran mukus. Detasemen epidermal kalebu kurang saka 10 % total permukaan awak.
○ Pengobatan – Obat OTC
Yen disertai demam (suhu awak mundhak), disarankan supaya langsung ke rumah sakit.
Obat sing dicurigai kudu dihentikan (contoh: antibiotik, obat anti‑inflamasi nonsteroid).
Antihistamin oral kayata cetirizine lan loratadine kanggo gatel.
#Cetirizine [Zytec]
#LevoCetirizine [Xyzal]
#Loratadine [Claritin]